Tests applied on bitumen in roads for quality construction. Civil engineering and technology, college of industrial. Heat samples for the minimum time necessary to ensure that they are sufficiently. They gradually become softer and less viscous as the temperature rises. Second, the asphalt softening point, softening point of bitumen main technical characteristics 1, the instrument for small desktop structure, microcomputer control, linear heating, automatic mixing, accurate and reliable measurement results, the test is completed automatically displays the test results. Conclusion to conclude the final temperature of the.
We are closely monitoring the changing situation with the covid19 virus outbreak. Ring and ball test is used to determine the softening point of bitumen, asphalt and coal tar. Standard test method for penetration of bituminous materials1. Softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening under specified conditions of test.
Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ring. Improving the efficiency of bitumen using additives add gold to improve the properties of bitumen what materials are used bitumen and polymer industry. Bitumen is viscous elastic material without sharply defined melting points. Softening point of bitumen, test method isfahan bitumen. What is cen standards to assess the bitumen profile. The ball and ring apparatus comprising of a steel ballstwo numbers each of 9. The scope of this test is to provide a method for determining the consistency of semisolid and bituminous materials in which the sole or major constituent is either bitumen or tar pitch.
D36 test method for softening point of bitumen ringandball apparatus d92 test method for flash and fire points by cleveland. The softening point of various bitumen grades used in paving jobs from 35 to 70 c 6 7. Astm adhesion of bitumen adhesion test for bitumen astm d5100 adhesion astm adhesion test astm d4 bitumen astm bitumen astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen adhesion science progress in adhesion and adhesives d3359 adhesion test standards for bitumen bitumen emulsions bitumen emulsion experment for bitumen. The basic tests as penetration and softening point are dedicated to evaluate and classify unmodified bitumen. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. The softening point of materials which, like asphalt, have no definite melting point, but which when heated gradually change from brittle or very thick. List of tests for bitumen as per indian standard civil. Stirrer shall be manual or mechanical to ensure uniform heat distribution at all times throughout the.
This test consists of two brass ring and two steel ball, using which the softening point of various bituminous materials are determined. Ringball test for softening point of bitumen, asphalt and. Harder grade bitumen possesses higher softening point than softer grade bitumen. In the test, a steel ball is placed on a disc of binder that is slowly heated. It is a semi solid hydrocarbon product produced by removing the lighter fractions such as liquid petroleum gas, petrol and diesel from heavy crude oil during the refining process. This test is done to determine the softening point of asphaltic bitumen. Release the needle for five seconds and measure the distance penetrated. Bituminous materials are exclusive of the melting point.
Bitumen penetration test procedure pdf download 16kp9n. Two grams of bitumen tested guarantee, does add ten milliliters suitable solvent to dissolve in the solvent of bitumen is repeated 8 cycles following after five seconds of the eighth pitch of all samples should be completely dissolved in a solvent. This test consists of two brass ring and two steel. Various lab tests on bitumen for pavement construction. In cutback bitumen suitable solvent is used to lower the viscosity of the. Astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen. Read a detailed procedure of bitumen penetration test with sample data. Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen. Astmd36 standard test method for softening point of.
May 12, 20 objective for determination of softening point of a given bitumen. Mar 17, 2019 generally, higher softening point indicates lower temperature susceptibility and is preferred in the hot climate. Softening point shows the temperature at which binders retains the similar viscosity. Softening point test the softening point of bitumen is usually determined by ring and ball test. Stretch property bitumen softening point of bitumen, test method test spots for bitumen oil refining what is crmb bitumen. Stir it thoroughly until it is homogeneous and free from air bubbles and water.
Automatic asphalt softening point tester is commonly used inpetroleum testing equipment. Automatic ring and ball apparatus, bitumen testing equipment. Softening point apparatus is available from humboldt as part of a complete line of asphalt test equipment. This test is done to determine the softening point of asphaltic bitumen and fluxed native asphalt, road tar, coal tar pitch and blown type bitumen as per is. The principle behind this test is that softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening under specified condition of the test. Pour the melt in to the container to a depth of at least 10mm in excess of the expected penetration.
Softening point is the temperature at which tar in soft loop and pass the ball through the hoop. The softening point is a test usually called the ringandball test to determine the temperatures at which an asphalt binder achieves a specified degree of viscosity. Adoption of viscositygraded paving bitumen specification also reduced the number of total tests to seven, resulting in reduced cost of testing paving bitumen. Utb0231e and utb0231a assemblies are used for determining the softening point of bituminous materials by ring and ball method with utd1412 or utd1410y hot plate.
The instrument is based on the prc standard gbt4507. Standards for bitumen bitumen emulsions astm d4 bitumen astm bitumen bitumen emulsion adhesion test for bitumen experment for bitumen and asphalt astm adhesion of bitumen specific gravity test of bitumen astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen english language standards social studies standards next generation science standards. The softening point sp and penetration index pi of bitumen from parts of southwestern nigeria are important properties needed for better design and optimization of the upgrading process of. Take small amount of bitumen sample and heat it up to 75100 o c. Pdf the softening point sp and penetration index pi of bitumen from parts of southwestern. This also eliminated empirical testsparameters such as, penetration ratio, paraffin wax content, and fraass breaking point without compromising the quality of bitumen. A mixture of bitumen emulsion, wellgraded fine aggregate, mineral filler or other additives, and water.
Penetration test ductility test softening point test specific gravity test viscosity test flash and fire point test float test water content test loss on heating test. Generally, higher softening point indicates lower temperature susceptibility and is preferred in the hot climate. Experience in using bitumen in engineering projects has led to the adoption of certain test procedures that are indicative of the characteristics that identify adequate performance levels. Conclusion to conclude, the final temperature of the softening point is 48. The softening point is defined as the mean of the temperatures at which the bitumen disks soften and sag downwards a distance of 25 mm under the weight of a steel ball. The softening point is taken by two suitably positioned light barriers and the temperature is measured by a pt100 sensor placed in a central position. In contrast, cloisite15a has a relatively higher impact on penetration and softening point of bitumen. The softening point of a bituminous material can be defined as the temperature at which this bituminous material further softens after its arbitrary softness point is reached. This point is best judged by using a strong source of light and determining the point where the tip of the needle just meets its image reflected by. Reasonably, the alteration of state from solid to liquid is steady over an extensive kind of temperature.
This device is widely used in plastics, asphalt tar, asphalt and polymer resin production enterprises and scientific research departments. This test method covers the determination of the softening point of bitumen in the range from 30 to 157c 86 to 315f using the ringandball apparatus immersed in distilled water 30 to 80c or usp glycerin above 80 to 157c. The temperature in degrees c at which a bitumen attains a particular degree of softness with reference to test conditions prescribed by bs en 1427 or equivalent. Softening point is the temperature at which the bituminous binders have an equal viscosity i. Conclusion to conclude the final temperature of the softening. Generally higher softening point indicates lower temperature susceptibility and is preferred in warm climates. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ringand. Pcydl100 ring and ball softening point apparatus this tester can test the softening point of bitumen, tar, asphalt, and polymer resin. Softening point is not a melting point, bituminous material do not melt but instead gradually change from semi solids to liquids on application to heating. Ringball test for softening point of bitumen, asphalt and coal tar. An asphalt with a high flash point is more likely to have a lower hardening potential in the field. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ringandball apparatus1 this standard is issued under the.
Softening point is indicative of the tendency of the material to flow at elevated temperature encountered in service. Sep 20, 2017 softening point test the softening point of bitumen is usually determined by ring and ball test. The softening point of bitumen or tar is the temperature at which the substance attains particular degree of softening. Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen from parts of. Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen from. Softening point test on bitumen softening point of bitumen indicates the point at which bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under specified conditions of the test. This advanced microprocessor controlled automatic tester is used to determine the softening point of bitumen using water or glycerol as heating fluid. Tests applied on bitumen procedure of tests on asphalt. In ring and ball test, the softening point is the temperature at which the bitumen just touches the bottom plate. Sep 25, 2018 the softening point of a bituminous material can be defined as the temperature at which this bituminous material further softens after its arbitrary softness point is reached. During conducting the experiment, there are some errors that occurred which will affect the final result. Ring and ball apparatus is used to conduct this test. There are various methods that are helpful in determining the softening point of a bituminous material.
Various tests on bitumen to access its properties civil. Utd0412 hot plate with magnetic stirrer which works conforming to en and astm standards. By increasing cloisite15a content, penetration decreases from. D 36 95 standard test method for softening point of bitumen ringandball apparatus1 this standard is issued under the.
Tests on bitumen there are a number of tests to assess the properties of bituminous materials. Test method to determine the softening point of bitumen based on astmd36. In order to prevent this from happening, there are methods to improve the experiments result. Determining softening point of bitumen civil engineering. Automatic ring and ball apparatus, bitumen testing. Brass ring device filled with molten bitumen and bitumen wait until cool. This is the reason why the softening point of bitumen is determined. The softening point of a bituminous material is the temperature at which. In recent years, the flash point test results have been related to the hardening potential of asphalt. By increasing cloisite15a content, penetration decreases from 63 to 45 and softening point increases from 54 to 61. Bitumen softening point test using ringball apparatus. The following tests are usually conducted to evaluate different properties of bituminous materials. A mass ring containing the test sample of bitumen was suspended in liquid like water or. Ring and ball apparatus, steel balls brass rings ball guide support thermometer bath with stirrer scope softening point test of bitumen as per is.